Navigating HPV vaccination challenges in low-resource settings: Practical strategies for estimating the size of out-of-school girls

Background

Achieving the 2030 target of 90% human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage among girls by age 15 requires effectively reaching out-of-school (OOS) girls, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where most vaccine delivery occurs in school settings. This study explored country definitions of OOS girls and strategies for estimating the size of this population.