Ultrasonographic and Electromyographic Evaluation of the Effects of Deep Versus Superficial Dry Needling on Myofascial Trigger Points in Patients with Neck Pain: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Background

The physiological differences between deep dry needling (DDN) and superficial dry needling (SDN) for myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) remain unclear. This randomized clinical trial compared the impact of DDN and SDN on ultrasonographic, surface electromyographic (sEMG), and clinical outcomes in patients with non-specific neck pain and upper trapezius MTrPs.