Frailty, Inflammaging, and Polypharmacy as Interacting Determinants of Falls in Older Women: A Clinical and Pharmacological Perspective in Primary Care Settings

Background

Falls in older women are multifactorial events driven by the complex interaction of age-related loss of physiological reserve, frailty, sarcopenia, chronic low-grade inflammation, multimorbidity, and medication exposure. Older women represent a substantial proportion of fall-related injuries and fractures, yet available evidence is highly heterogeneous. Since many studies focus on mixed-sex cohorts, we must differentiate women-specific findings from general geriatric data.