Development and Internal Validation of a Clinical Prediction Model for Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon in Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Observational Study

Background

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may exhibit coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) despite the absence of obstructive epicardial coronary stenosis. Dedicated prediction tools remain limited. This study aimed to develop and internally validate a model for estimating the probability of TIMI frame count (TFC)-defined CSFP in patients with T2DM.