Impact of exposure to environmental chemicals on the occurrence of molar incisor hypomineralisation and developmental enamel defects in children: a systematic review

Purpose

Children are particularly susceptible to environmental toxins because of their immature metabolic and detoxification systems. Disturbances during enamel formation may result in molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) and developmental defects of enamel (DDE). This systematic review evaluated the association between exposure to environmental pollutants and the occurrence of MIH and DDE in children.