Adebrelimab combined with apatinib and chemotherapy for neoadjuvant therapy and biomarker analysis in limited-stage small cell lung cancer: study protocol for a single-arm trial

Introduction: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy with a poor overall prognosis. Surgery and concurrent chemoradiotherapy are currently recommended treatments for limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC), yet their efficacy remains limited. Recent advances have demonstrated the promising role of immunotherapy in LS-SCLC, reshaping the treatment paradigm. In parallel, neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy has become a standard of care for resectable non-small cell lung cancer. These provide a compelling rationale for exploring similar strategies in LS-SCLC to improve outcomes. We therefore conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel neoadjuvant regimen incorporating adebrelimab, apatinib and chemotherapy in patients with LS-SCLC and to explore relevant biomarkers.