Ambulatory bilateral same-session vs. unilateral ureteroscopy: A multicentre cohort study

Objective

To evaluate the safety, efficacy and feasibility of ambulatory bilateral same-session retrograde intrarenal surgery (BSS-RIRS) compared to unilateral RIRS, under a standardized clinical protocol. Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective multicentre cohort study including 202 adult patients who underwent ambulatory bilateral same-session RIRS (BSS-RIRS) or unilateral RIRS between January 1 and December 31, 2024. All included patients had complete perioperative data and postoperative non-contrast CT imaging at 4-6 weeks. Of these, 95 underwent BSS-RIRS and 107 underwent unilateral RIRS. Demographic, clinical and operative variables were analysed. Stone-free status (defined as residual fragments ≤4 mm) and complication rates (within 30 days) were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders.