Manual compared to automated closed-loop oxygen control strategies in hospitalised adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Closed-loop oxygen control (CLOC) systems improve accuracy of oxygen delivery compared with standard manual oxygen adjustment. Determination of their efficacy in delivering oxygen noninvasively to adults, using different delivery methods and across different hospital locations, would enhance clinical practice.

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, searching Medline, Embase, Scopus Basic and Advanced, and Cochrane databases. Randomised controlled trials comparing time spent within a target peripheral oxygen saturation (S pO2 ) range between CLOC and manual oxygen control in hospitalised adults (>18 years) were included. Outpatient studies and studies using mechanical ventilation were excluded. The primary outcome was proportion of time spent within a target S pO2 range. Meta-regression was performed for pre-determined study-level covariates, including oxygen delivery mode and locations of care.