Long-Term Effects of Intermittent Fasting on Weight Loss and Body-Weight Maintenance in Adults With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Prospective Studies With 12-Month or Longer Follow-Up

Background

Intermittent fasting has gained increasing attention as an alternative to continuous calorie restriction for adults with overweight or obesity. Although short-term weight loss has been widely reported, its long-term effectiveness and ability to maintain weight reduction remain uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated whether intermittent fasting produces sustained weight loss over approximately 12 months or longer and whether it offers an advantage over conventional energy-restriction strategies.