Mastopathy: Modern approaches to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

Mastopathy, commonly associated with benign breast changes, refers to a group of conditions characterized by alterations in the glandular and connective tissues of the breast. These changes may be accompanied by breast pain, swelling, increased sensitivity, and the development of nodular or cystic lesions. This article reviews current concepts regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of mastopathy, its main clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment principles. Particular attention is paid to the differential diagnosis of benign breast changes and malignant neoplasms, as well as the importance of preventive examinations and women's awareness of breast health. The need for an individualized approach to examination and treatment based on age, symptoms, and imaging findings is emphasized.