Comparison of Postoperative Pain After Modified Radical Mastectomy Using Erector Spinae Plane Block with Bupivacaine Plus Dexmedetomidine versus Bupivacaine Alone

Background

Modified radical mastectomy (MRM), particularly when accompanied by axillary dissection, can cause substantial acute postoperative pain and may contribute to persistent postsurgical pain. Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is used as a component of multimodal analgesia, and dexmedetomidine has been investigated as an adjuvant to prolong local-anaesthetic effects.