VEGF-A Immunohistochemical Expression Across Appendiceal Epithelial Lesions: A Retrospective Exploratory Study

Background

Appendiceal epithelial lesions are rare and heterogeneous. Evidence regarding vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) expression in localized appendiceal lesions is limited. We compared VEGF-A immunoreactivity across diagnostic subtypes and explored associations with histological features.

Methods