Contorno glúteo feminino: aspectos anatômicos e evidências sobre intervenções estéticas com ácido hialurônico e ácido poli-L-láctico

The objective of this study was to analyze the evidence on female gluteal contour anatomy, as well as the techniques, outcomes, and safety of aesthetic interventions using hyaluronic acid (HA) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) in adult women. To this end, an integrative literature review was conducted with an informed search across PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, and SPRINGERLINK databases for publications spanning from 2010 to 2025. Following duplicate removal and eligibility screening, nine publications were included in the qualitative synthesis. Regarding the results, studies on HA reported improvements in gluteal projection and contour alongside high participant satisfaction, although a prospective study noted a gradual decline in satisfaction over the follow-up period. Studies on PLLA highlighted perceived aesthetic improvement, while a case series examined the combination of both substances. Adverse events were described, predominantly transient, although complications such as nodules, infection, and allergic reactions were reported in a retrospective study. Furthermore, ultrasonography proved valuable for describing tissue planes and mapping injected materials. In conclusion, the evidence suggests favorable aesthetic outcomes in properly selected patients. However, methodological heterogeneity, small sample sizes, and a scarcity of direct comparative studies limit robust inferences regarding relative efficacy, durability, and long-term safety.